The U.S. Justice Department has taken a step towards embracing new technology by appointing its first official focused on artificial intelligence (AI). This move comes as the department grapples with the transformative effects of AI on federal law enforcement and the criminal justice system.

A New Era in Law Enforcement

Attorney General Merrick B. Garland announced the designation of Jonathan Mayer as the Justice Department’s first Chief Science and Technology Advisor and Chief Artificial Intelligence (AI) Officer. Mayer, an assistant professor at Princeton University’s Department of Computer Science and School of Public and International Affairs, will serve in the Justice Department’s Office of Legal Policy.

“The Justice Department must keep pace with rapidly evolving scientific and technological developments in order to fulfill our mission to uphold the rule of law, keep our country safe, and protect civil rights,” said Attorney General Garland. 

The Role of the AI Officer

As the Chief Science and Technology Advisor, Mayer will advise the Attorney General and Justice Department leadership and collaborate with components across the Department on complex issues requiring technical expertise, including matters relating to cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and other areas of emerging technology.

“Jonathan’s expertise will be invaluable in ensuring that the entire Justice Department — including our law enforcement components, litigating components, grant-making entities, and U.S. Attorneys’ Offices — is prepared for both the challenges and opportunities that new technologies present,” said Attorney General Garland.

Mayer will also spearhead the Department’s technological capacity-building efforts, including advising on recruiting technical talent to ensure the Department has the expertise and is equipped to meet the challenges ahead.

The Opportunities of AI for the Justice Department

The Justice Department has already used AI to trace the source of opioids and other illegal drugs, analyze tips submitted to the FBI, and organize evidence collected in its probe of the January 6, 2021 attack on the U.S Capitol. However, the department is also concerned about its potential to amplify existing biases, tamper with elections, and create new opportunities for cyber criminals.

“Every new technology is a double-edged sword, but AI may be the sharpest blade yet. It has the potential to be an indispensable tool to help identify, disrupt, and deter criminals, terrorists, and hostile nation-states from doing us harm.” said Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco in a speech at Oxford University.

What the Future Holds for the New Board

Mayer is set to lead a newly formed board of law enforcement and civil rights officials that will advise Garland and others at the Justice Department on the ethics and efficacy of AI systems. He will also seek to recruit more technological experts to the department.

This appointment marks a significant milestone in the Justice Department’s efforts to adapt to the rapidly evolving landscape of technology and AI. It underscores the growing recognition of the importance of AI and technology in law enforcement and the criminal justice system.